Volume Calculations

 Volume is the amount of 3-dimensional space inside a shape.

If the shape is a prism we can use the area of the end to calculate the volume. We can use the following formula:

 The volume of a prism = Area of base × height
 

  • A prism is a 3-dimensional shape that has the same shape (and size) on both ends and the same thickness along the entire shape.


EXAMPLE:

The refuse skip in the Figure below is 1.75 m wide and its other dimensions are shown in the diagram alongside it.

 Fig 2.8 wRefuse skip

  1. Calculate the volume of the skip in m3:


Method 1: Using the formula.

To calculate the area, it will need to be split up into smaller pieces.

 Fig 2.9 wSkip split up into pieces to calculate its area

Area A

= 0.5 × 0.7 m × 0.7 m

= 0,245 m2

Area B

= 2.9 m × 0.7 m

= 2.03 m2

Area C

= 0.5 × 0.9 m × 0.9 m

= 0,405 m2

Area D

= 1.8 m × 0.9 m

= 1.62 m2

Area E

= Area C

= 0.405 m2

Total Area of base

= 0.245 + 2.03 + 0.405 + 1.62 + 0.405

= 4.705 m2

Volume

= Area of base × height

= 4.705 m2 × 1,75 m

= 8,23 m3

(Note: The ‘height’ is actually the ‘thickness’ of the prism.)

     
     

Method 2: Splitting up the volume.

The shape can be split up into different, smaller volumes.

 Fig 2.10 wThe shape of the skip split up into smaller volumes to calculate its area

Each smaller volume has the same thickness (or width), which is 1.75 m.

Volume A

= 0.5 × 0.7 m × 0.7 m × 1.75 m

= 0.42875 m3

Volume B

= 0,7 m × 2,9 m × 1,75 m

= 3.5525 m3

Volume C

= 0.5 × 0.9 m × 0.9 m × 1.75 m

= 0.70875 m3

Volume D

= 0.9 m × 1.8 m × 1.75 m

= 2.835 m3

Volume E

= Volume C

= 0.70875 m3

Total volume

= 8.23375 m3

= 8,23 m3

(Note: The volume of each segment is only rounded off at the end.)

     

Notice that either method can be used to get the same answer. Simply use the method that you are most comfortable with.

  1. Approximately how many rubbish bags should be able to fit into the above skip if a normal rubbish bag can hold 120 l of refuse? 1 m3 = 1 000 l.

Answer:

Volume of skip

= 8.23 m3 x 1 000

= 8 230 l

Number of rubbish bags

= 8 230 l ÷ 120 l

= 65,58 bags

≈ 65 bags

However, the skip will be able to hold a lot more than that number as the bags are usually not totally filled with trash and so more will be able to fit in.